Healing Of Wounds

Healing Of Wounds

Wound healing or wound repair is a complex process in the skin (or other organ tissue), to repair the skin after injury.In normal epidermis (outer layer) and dermis (layer internal or deep) is in a steady state, forming a protective barrier against the outside environment. Once the barrier is broken, the normal (physiological) process of wound healing begins immediately. The classic model of wound healing is divided into three or four sequential but overlapping [2] phases: (1) hemostasis (a phase not considered by some authors), (2) inflammation, (3) proliferation and remodeling (4). After an injury to the skin, a complex series of biochemical reactions that take place in a closely orchestrated cascade to repair the trauma damage.Within minutes, platelets (thrombocytes) in the general site of the lesion to form a fibrin clot . This clot acts to control active bleeding (hemostasis).

In the inflammatory phase, bacteria and debris are phagocytized and removed, and the factors that are released that cause migration and division of cells involved in the proliferative phase.

The proliferative phase is characterized by angiogenesis, collagen deposition, the formation of granulation tissue, epithelialization, angiogenesis and wound contraction.In, formation of new blood vessels by fibroplasia cells.In the vascular endothelium and tissue formation granulation, fibroblasts grow and form a new provisional extracellular matrix (ECM) by secreting collagen and fibronectin.Concurrently, re-epithelialization of the epidermis is where skin cells proliferate and drags on above the wound, provides coverage for the new tissue.

In the contraction, the wound is smaller by the action of myofibroblasts, which establish a grip on the wound edges and contract using a mechanism similar to that of smooth muscle cells. When the roles of the cells are close to complete, redundant apoptotic cells.

The maturation and remodeling phase, collagen is a redesigned and reorganized along lines of tension and the cells that are no longer needed removed from apoptosis.

However, this process is not only complex but fragile and susceptible to interruption or failure leading to the formation of chronic nonhealing wounds. Factors that may contribute to this include diabetes, venous or arterial disease, aging, and infection.